TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES, ACCURACY, AND READABILITY OF ADVERBS OF MANNER IN THE OPENING AND CLOSING REMARKS OF INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS OF THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF THE DEFENSE POTENTIAL OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Faira Respati Parmusinto. English for Business and Professional Communication Study Program. Translation Techniques, Accuracy, and Readability of Adverbs of Manner in the Opening and Closing Remarks of International Meetings of the Directorate General of the Defense Potential of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia.

The translation of adverbs of manner is an interesting linguistic topic because the adverb of manner in English is translated into Indonesian using different forms. This research aims to identify the types of English adverbs of manner in the Opening and Closing Remarks of International Meetings of the Directorate General of the Defense Potential of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia and their translation in Indonesian, determine and assess the translation techniques and the translation quality in the aspects of accuracy and readability. The research method used to answer the research questions was qualitative descriptive. The data collection techniques were content analysis and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). After that, the data were analyzed using domain, taxonomy, componential, and cultural theme analysis. The research results showed that adverbs of manner modifying a verb or verb phrase accounted 80% of the total data, 1 (one) modifying an adjective or adjective phrase accounted 4% of the total data, and 4 (four) modifying the whole clause or sentence (disjunct - modality and manner type) accounted 16% of the total data. The most dominant translation techniques are modulation, identified in 6 (six) data out of a total of 25, which accounts for 24% of the total data, and modulation + addition, identified in 6 (six) data out of a total of 25, accounting for 24% of the total data. The accuracy quality of the translations is 1.84, indicating that the source language’s word, term, phrase, clause, or sentence is either inaccurately translated or omitted in the target language. The readability quality of the translation is 2.4, indicating that readers can comprehend the text. However, it might need to be read multiple times for complete understanding and is considered to have a medium readability level.

Keywords: Adverbs of manner, translation techniques, accuracy analysis, readability analysis, opening and closing remarks of international meetings